PET Imaging

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Image courtesy of JNM

Figure 1. Case example: A 54-year-old man with a history of RP+LND and a subsequent PSA of 1.25 ng/mL had no evidence of disease by baseline imaging. Piflufolastat F 18 (18F-DCFPyL)- PET/CT accurately detected biochemically recurrent prostate cancer with the PSMA PET/CT scan identifying positive left (left panel) and right peri-rectal lymph nodes (right panel).

Figure 1. A: COVID-19-related spatial covariance pattern of cerebral glucose metabolism overlaid onto an MRI template. Voxels with negative region weights are color-coded in cool colors, and regions with positive region weights in hot colors. B: Association between the expression of COVID-19-related covariance pattern and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score adjusted for years of education. Each dot represents individual patient. C: Results of a statistical parametric mapping analysis. Upper row illustrates regions that show significant increases of normalized FDG uptake in COVID-19 patients at 6-months follow-up compared to the subacute stage (paired t test, p < 0.01, false discovery rate-corrected). Bottom row depicts regions that still show significant decreases of normalized FDG uptake in COVID-19 patients at 6-months follow-up compared to the age-matched control cohort at an exploratory statistical threshold (two-sample t test, p < 0.005). Image Credit: G Blazhenets et al., Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg

A) Axial CT images through the mouse lungs at 7 and 14 days after intratracheal administration of bleomycin or saline (as a control), demonstrating increased lung fibrosis in the bleomycin group (white arrows). (B) CT attenuation histograms in Hounsfield units (HU) after lung segmentation demonstrate increased attenuation in the lungs in the bleomycin group than the control group (p <0.05), consistent with increasing fibrosis (n=3). (C) Representative axial PET/CT fusion images at 20 and 60 min demonstrating increased FAPI uptake in the lungs of the bleomycin group (white arrows) with no significant uptake in the control group (yellow arrows). (D) Time-activity curve of lung uptake ROI analysis demonstrating higher FAPI uptake in the lungs of the bleomycin group than the control (p < 0.05), 14 days after bleomycin (n=3). (E) Ex vivo biodistribution data of lung tissue demonstrating higher radiotracer uptake in the lungs of the bleomycin group than the control (n=3). *p<0.05, **p<0.01. Image created by CA Ferreira et al., University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI.

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(A) 57-year-old woman with right upper arm melanoma who received the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech) in the left deltoid 15 days prior to FDG PET/CT. FDG uptake is observed within left axillary lymph nodes (arrow, SUVmax = 9.3).

(B) 62-year-old man with metastatic prostate carcinoma who received the second dose of COVID-19 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech) in the right deltoid 7 days prior to 11C-choline PET/CT. 11C-choline uptake is observed within right axillary lymph nodes (arrows, SUVmax = 3.1) as well as the right deltoid muscle (circle, SUVmax = 1.7).