Molecular imaging is a broad and dynamic field that encompasses a range of image technologies that allow physicians and researchers to noninvasively visualize biological processes at the cellular and molecular level. Currently, the vast majority of clinical applications of molecular imaging use radiolabeled compounds (radiopharmaceuticals) that are detected with gamma cameras, single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or positron emission tomography (PET), depending on the type of radioactivity used. Molecular imaging techniques typically complement more anatomic-based imaging modalities such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and hybrid imaging modalities including SPECT/CT, PET/CT and more recently PET/MRI are available for clinical use. Together, multimodality molecular imaging can more accurately localize and characterize disease processes than either modality alone.
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