October 16, 2018 — A new study published in the European Heart Journal[1] shows computed tomography (CT) can be a useful aid in heart team decision-making for complex coronary disease. Results also suggest the state-of-the-art imaging technology may offer a non-invasive diagnostic alternative to conventional coronary angiography. Coronary artery disease (CAD) and its complications are a leading cause of death throughout the world.[2] According to therapeutic guidelines, left main or three vessel diseases represent the most severe, high-risk CAD cases, often requiring coronary bypass graft surgery (CABG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) as treatment.[3]
The international, multicenter SYNTAX III Revolution trial – conducted by Cardialysis on behalf of the European Cardiovascular Research Institute (ECRI) – included 223 subjects with diagnosed left main or three vessel disease. Each patient was diagnosed using conventional, invasive angiography and subsequently received a multislice CT scan on the 512-slice GE Healthcare Revolution CT. Data from each subject was evaluated by two randomized heart teams – each made up of an interventional cardiologist, cardiac surgeon and radiologist – to make a treatment recommendation of CABG, PCI or either. One heart team made treatment recommendations based only on the coronary CT angiography (CTA) imaging, and the other made treatment recommendations using angiography. Based on the trial’s findings, the treatment decisions between the two randomized heart teams were in almost perfect agreement (Cohen’s kappa of 0.82). These results highlight the potential of CT to not only diagnose coronary disease, but also assist in subsequent heart team decision-making.
“The implications of these trial results for the future are tremendous,” said Prof. Patrick W. Serruys, principal investigator and study chairman. “In the next five to ten years, with its increasing accuracy, I think we are going to see the new generation of multislice CT scans play an increasingly important role in diagnosing and treating CAD. It will take time and it will take multiple trials, but the results of our SYNTAX III trial suggest a promising, real change in our practice.”
This change could include streamlining the care pathway. The multislice CT scan offers an easier, less-invasive patient experience; takes less time; and a provides a clear, comprehensive anatomical picture to assist clinicians with diagnoses and treatment recommendations. Serruys suggests the CT’s potential as a diagnostic tool for complex coronary disease could enable cath labs to transition from diagnostic to interventional suites that concentrate on the significant load of coronary and structural heart disease patients.
“Technological advancements are drastically improving medical insights and opportunities as well as patient care,” continued Serruys. “The ability to capture an image of the whole heart in one beat with the multislice CT and then see the coronary artery from multiple views is very appealing to interventional cardiologists and surgeons. The images provided by the multislice CT are a bonus that can help surgeons plan and mentally prepare to treat patients in the interventional suite.”
After reviewing the trial’s results, 84 percent of surveyed[4] cardiac surgeons agreed planning and executing surgery based on the multislice CT scan is viable. Cardialysis will follow up the SYNTAX III Revolution trial with a new study, CABG Revolution, to test the safety of CABG surgery for left main or three vessel disease using only the anatomy and function described by the multislice CT scan.
The SYNTAX III trial is an investigator-driven study sponsored by the ECRI and funded by research grants from GE Healthcare and HeartFlow Inc.
For more information: www.academic.oup.com/eurheartj
References
[4] Cardialysis. “Theoretical Feasibility of Planning CABG based only on Coronary CTA and FFRCT: A Survey of the Surgeons involved in the Randomized Syntax III Revolution Trial.” 2018 Jan. Unpublished raw data.
September 28, 2023 
