Radiation Oncology

Prostate biopsy with cancer probability (blue is low, red is high). This case was originally diagnosed as benign but changed to cancer upon further review. The AI accurately detected cancer in this tricky case. Image courtesy of Ibex Medical Analytics

(a) A schematic of cycloidal computed tomography (not to scale, seen from top); by adding an array of beam stops in front of the detector, the setup is transformed into an edge-illumination x-ray phase-contrast imaging device. (b) A sinogram sampling grid for a rotation-only scheme. (c) A sinogram sampling grid for a cycloidal scheme. The grids are shown for one mask period and a subset of rotation angles; the combination of empty and filled circles shows the grids that would be achieved through fine lateral sampling (requiring dithering); the filled circles show the data that are sampled without dithering.

"Our study demonstrates that a real-world lung cancer screening can perform similar to randomized controlled trials in regard to important performance metrics," the UPenn authors of this AJR article concluded. Image courtesy of American Journal of Roentgenology (AJR)

Total-body dynamic 18F-FDG PET imaging with the uEXPLORER scanner allows us to monitor the spatiotemporal distribution of glucose concentration in metastatic tumors in the entire body (a). As compared to a typical clinical standardized uptake value image (b), the parametric image of FDG influx rate (Ki) can achieve higher lesion-to-background (e.g., the liver) contrast. In addition to glucose metabolism imaging by Ki, total-body dynamic PET also enables multiparametric characterization of tumors and organs using additional physiologically important parameters, for example, glucose transport rate K1 (d), across the entire body. Image courtesy of G.B. Wang, M. Parikh, L. Nardo, et al., University of California Davis, Calif.